Gastroenterology:

1. Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

• Purpose: To assess liver health and detect liver disease, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, or fatty liver.
• Parameters: ALT, AST, ALP, Bilirubin, Albumin.

2. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

• Purpose: To check for anemia, infections, and other disorders related to the gastrointestinal system.
• Parameters: Hemoglobin, WBC count, Platelets.

3. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

• Purpose: To detect inflammation, which is often associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

4. Amylase and Lipase

• Purpose: To diagnose pancreatitis or other pancreatic disorders.
• Parameters: Elevated levels indicate pancreatic inflammation or injury.

5. Serum Electrolytes

• Purpose: To check for electrolyte imbalances that may occur due to vomiting, diarrhea, or malabsorption.
• Parameters: Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarbonate.

6. Iron Studies

• Purpose: To detect iron deficiency anemia, which can occur in chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or malabsorption.
• Parameters: Ferritin, Serum Iron, Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC).

7. Helicobacter pylori Antibodies

• Purpose: To diagnose H. pylori infection, which is linked to peptic ulcers and gastritis.

8. Celiac Disease Antibody Tests

• Purpose: To detect antibodies associated with celiac disease, such as tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and anti-gliadin antibodies.

9. Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels

• Purpose: To check for deficiencies that can result from malabsorption conditions, especially in the small intestine.

10. Tumor Markers (CEA, CA 19-9)

• Purpose: To help detect gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer.
• Markers: CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen), CA 19-9 (Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9).

These tests provide valuable insights into various gastrointestinal disorders and help doctors diagnose and manage conditions effectively.