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CARDIOLOGY

Blood tests play a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring heart-related conditions in cardiology. Here are some common blood tests used in cardiology:

1. Lipid Profile

  • Purpose: To assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke.
  • Parameters:
    • Total Cholesterol
    • Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) – “Bad” cholesterol
    • High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) – “Good” cholesterol
    • Triglycerides

2. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)

  • Purpose: To detect inflammation in the arteries, which can signal a higher risk of heart disease.
  • Parameters:
    • C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels in the blood

3. Troponin Test

  • Purpose: To diagnose heart attacks by detecting heart muscle damage.
  • Parameters:
    • Troponin I and Troponin T levels

4. N-Terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP)

  • Purpose: To evaluate heart failure by measuring the strain on the heart.
  • Parameters:
    • NT-proBNP levels (elevated levels indicate heart failure)

5. Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB)

  • Purpose: To detect heart muscle damage, especially during a heart attack.
  • Parameters:
    • Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels

6. Electrolyte Panel

  • Purpose: To check for imbalances in electrolytes that can affect heart rhythm and function.
  • Parameters:
    • Sodium (Na)
    • Potassium (K)
    • Calcium (Ca)
    • Magnesium (Mg)

7. B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)

  • Purpose: To diagnose and evaluate heart failure.
  • Parameters:
    • BNP levels (high levels suggest heart failure)

8. D-Dimer Test

  • Purpose: To rule out blood clots that may cause heart complications like pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
  • Parameters:
    • D-Dimer levels in the blood

9. Homocysteine

  • Purpose: To evaluate the risk of heart disease, as high levels can damage blood vessels.
  • Parameters:
    • Homocysteine levels in the blood

10. Fibrinogen Test

  • Purpose: To assess the risk of clot formation and heart disease.
  • Parameters:
    • Fibrinogen levels (a protein involved in blood clotting)

These tests are commonly used in cardiology to assess the heart’s health and diagnose conditions related to cardiovascular risk, such as heart attacks, heart failure, and blood clots.